I'm using a very small MariaDB instance as a datastore for my YouLess energy monitor, my own mail server (postfix, roundcube). It's a virtual machine from a commercial VPS provider.

All data fits in memory and the overhead of running with performance_schema on is not an issue.

While I was reading a blog post about performance_schema by Mark Leith I wanted to see what P_S could tell me about my own server.

This is the output from the first query:

mysql> select * from file_summary_by_event_name order by count_read desc,count_write desc limit 10;
+--------------------------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+---------------------------+
| EVENT_NAME                           | …

Back in May I explained how to create MySQL striped views with session variables. A couple folks wanted to know how to implement them through PHP programs. The trick is sharing the same connection between a call to the function before a query against the striped view.

I’ve updated the MySQL example beyond the Hobbit analogy from the prior post. It now uses the following database components:

• An APPLICATION_USER table
• A striped AUTHORIZED_USER view
• A FUNCTION_QUERY view to optimize function calls
• A SET_LOGIN function
• A GET_LOGIN_ID function
• A GET_USER_ID function

The definition of the APPLICATION_USER table is:

CREATE TABLE application_user
( user_id …

A student asked, “Can you successfully overload MySQL stored procedures, like PL/SQL does in stored packages?” I said, “MySQL doesn’t formally support overloading stored procedures, and doesn’t support packages like Oracle 11g. You can, however, mimic (or fake) overloading with prepared statements. It requires a careful combination of stored procedures and session variables.”

Unfortunately, they asked for an example. So I wrote this set of code. It uses queries as the dynamic statements to make it simple to test but you can substitute INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statements. I didn’t provide type validation in the example, which would be required for dates or date-timestamps.

It’s presented in steps with test programs at each level. If you see an opportunity to improve on any of the example components, leave a comment. As to whether I’d implement this in …

Somebody asked about the possibility of putting DML statements inside MySQL stored functions. DML statements like the INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE. When I said, “Yes, you can put DML statements inside functions.” They showed me the error they encountered, which is only raised at compilation when you put an explicit COMMIT statement or a Data Definition Language (DDL) statement (CREATE, ALTER, DROP, or RENAME) inside a MySQL function. The actual error message displayed is:

ERROR 1422 (HY000): Explicit OR implicit commit IS NOT allowed IN stored FUNCTION OR TRIGGER.

While an explicit COMMIT is obvious when placed inside a function, the implicit COMMIT statement isn’t obvious unless you know a DDL statement generates one. This means you can’t include any DDL statement inside a stored …

A question came up today about how to stripe a MySQL view, and this post shows you how. Along with the question, there was a complaint about why you can’t use session variables in a view definition. It’s important to note two things: there’s a workaround and there’s an outstanding request to add lift the feature limitation in Bug 18433.

A striped view lets authorized users see only part of a table, and is how Oracle Database 11g sets up Virtual Private Databases. Oracle provides both schema (or database) level access and fine-grained control access. Fine grained control involves setting a special session variable during a user’s login. This is typically done by checking the rights in an Access …

In class today, we reviewed pass-by-value (IN-only mode) parameters and pass-by-reference (INOUT and OUT mode) parameters for stored procedures. The analogy that finally seemed to hit home for the students was linking the modes to the story of Alice in Wonderland.

Here’s the analogy and below is the code to support it:

“A pass-by-value parameter in a procedure is like sending an immutable copy of Alice into the rabbit hole, which means she can’t shrink, grow, or learn throughout the story; whereas, a pass-by-reference parameter in a procedure is like sending Alice into the rabbit hole where she can shrink, grow, fight the Jabberwocky, and learn things that make her life better when she exits the …

I was recently talking with a few people and the concept of summary tables came up as solutions for them. The issue is, they never thought of it. Hopefully this post will help them as well as others.
Summary Tables are not a new concept. They are exactly what they sound like, basically summary of existing data. Aggregated tables, materialized views and summary tables are very dominate in data warehouses. You can also take advantage of these concepts as part of your reporting systems as well.
So summary tables are real tables. So you can take advantage of indexes and etc with them. In the examples I am using, I consider them more of a summary table than aggregated tables . Depending on your application and needs it could grow into more of an aggregated tables and or materialized views situation.
How you separate your data and tables is dependent on your reporting and application needs.
The following is a high level example of …

MySQL Replication is a powerful tool and it’s hard to find a production system not using it. On the other hand debugging replication issues can be very hard and time consuming. Especially if your replication setup is not straightforward and you are using filtering of some kind.

Recently we got an alert from our monitoring system that replication stopped on production slave with the following error:

Can't find record in 'some_table', Error_code: 1032;
handler error HA_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND;
the event's master log binlog.000011, end_log_pos 735766642

This means that a ROW-based replication event was going to be applied on slave, but could not find the row it was supposed to be applied to. This is something I like about ROW format — it allows you to catch such data synchronization issues right away. In this particular case MIXED format was used, but if this event was written in STATEMENT format, slave would just apply it …

Having multiple ways to achieve a task is something we all enjoy as developers and DBAs. We find, develop and learn new ways to do things better and faster all the time.
At the risk of starting a debate, I am curious on others opinions or practices when it comes to Stored Procedures and Triggers. To use them or not versus code based functions ? Best case use versus worst case use? There is no real wrong answer here as it depends on your development application. Certainly some lean one way over another and there are more than enough valid reasons on both sides of the debate.
Here are couple of my thoughts on the topic....
I come from the dot.com bubble era , and from that I rarely use stored procedures or triggers. Back then PHP was still new, Perl dominated websites with the cgi-bin and MySQL did not have stored procedures or triggers. Thank goodness things have changed. Developing in those days, forced developers to …

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One of the sorely wanted features missing in MySQL is the ability to disable/enable triggers on the fly. By comparison, disabling/enabling Foreign Key constraints can be simply done by setting a server system variable:

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = [TRUE|FALSE];

Now as of version 5.6, there is no built-in server system variable TRIGGER_CHECKS in MySQL. A simple workaround is to instead use a user-defined session variable. The setting for trigger checks stored into the session variable allows the setting to be seen by all statements, including all stored procedures and functions, as long as the user is connected, which for this workaround is in effect similar to using a server system variable.

Besides a session variable that switches the checks for all triggers, to …