A recurring and very common customer issue seen here at the Percona Support team involves how to make the ibdata1 file “shrink” within MySQL. I can only imagine there’s a degree of regret by some of the InnoDB architects on their design decisions regarding disk-space management by the shared tablespace* because this has been a big frustration for many MySQL users over the years.

There’s a very old bug (“InnoDB ibdata1 never shrinks after data is removed,” Sept. 8 2003) documenting user dissatisfaction. Shortly before that issue celebrated its 10th anniversary, James Day, MySQL senior principal support engineer at Oracle, posted a comment explaining why things haven’t changed and he also offered possible alternative solutions. Maybe we’ll …

Hi, I recently had the experience of assisting with a migration of a customer MySQL installation to Amazon RDS (Relational Database Service). Amazon RDS is a great platform for hosting your MySQL installation and offers the following list of pros and cons:

• You can scale your CPU, IOPS, and storage space separately by using Amazon RDS. Otherwise you need to take downtime and upgrade physical components of a rack-mounted server.
• Backups, software version patching, failure detection, and (some) recovery is automated with Amazon RDS.
• You lose shell access to your DB instance
• You lose SUPER privilege for regular users. Many SUPER-type statements and commands are provided for as a Stored Procedure.
• It is easy to set up multiple read replicas (slaves in READ_ONLY=1 mode).
• You can set up a secondary sychronous …

We’ve recently received a number of questions on how to implement incremental MySQL backups alongside encryption with Percona XtraBackup. Some users thought it was not initially possible because with the default

--encrypt

options with XtraBackup, all files will be encrypted, but alas, that is not the case. This is where the option

--extra-lsn-dir

becomes useful, because it allows you to save LSN (Log Sequence Number) information to another directory and exclude it from encryption, allowing you to use the same information needed by incremental backups. Enough talk, let me show you.

Because you would want to usually script your backup and restore procedure, I’d use variables here as well to make you more familiar. First, I’d create 3 folders, where my backups will be stored, ‘full’ for full backups, ‘incr’ for …

Monitoring MySQL and effectively managing it can be challenging. Identifying issues before they grow into performance problems that impact end users can be crucial. Knowing which tools to use, which key metrics to monitor, and how to resolve issues can be enormously important. When considering these facts, we at Percona decided to take steps to provide our Support customers with the tools, alerts, and advice they need to have higher performing, more secure, and easier to manage MySQL deployments.

Percona Support Now Includes MONyog and Percona Advisors

I am pleased to announce that Percona now provides our Gold and Platinum Percona Support for MySQL customers with the enterprise grade tools and advice they need for better performance, fewer database issues, and effective monitoring of MySQL. We have partnered with Webyog to provide our customers with MONyog …

While working on a recent support issue as a Percona Support Engineer,  I got one question from a customer asking how to monitor ALTER TABLE progress. Actually, for MySQL 5.5 and prior versions, it’s quite difficult to ALTER the table in a running production environment especially for large tables (with millions records). Because it will rebuild and lock the table affecting the performance as well as our users. Therefore even if we start ALTER it’s really important to know when it will finish. Even while creating the index, ALTER TABLE will not rebuild the table if fast_index_creation is ON but still it might lock the table.

…

ClusterControl for Percona XtraDB Cluster is now available in three different versions thanks to our partnership with Severalnines. ClusterControl will make it simpler to manage and monitor Percona XtraDB Cluster, MySQL Cluster, MySQL Replication, or MySQL Galera.

I am very excited about our GA release of Percona XtraDB Cluster 5.6 last week. As Vadim described in his blog post announcing the release, we have brought together the benefits of Percona Server 5.6, Percona XtraBackup and Galera 3 to create a drop-in compatible, open source, state-of-the-art high availability MySQL clustering solution. We could not have done it without the close cooperation and help of our partners at Codership. To learn more, join us on February …

We are nearing the one-year anniversary since MySQL 5.6 went GA – which is typically a good time even for the most conservative users to start thinking about upgrading. At this point there is a fair amount of practical use and experience; many bugs have also been fixed (1991 to be exact according to Morgan Tocker).

We also know that MySQL 5.6 has been used in some very demanding environments on a very large scale, such as at Facebook. We also know from the Facebook team, after kindly sharing their upgrade experiences, that it takes a lot of work to upgrade to MySQL 5.6. That’s where Percona can help!

In my webinar this Wednesday, “ …

There are many blog posts already written on topics related to “MySQL server memory usage,” but nevertheless there are some who still get confused when troubleshooting issues associated with memory usage for MySQL. As a Percona support engineer, I’m seeing many issues regularly related to heavy server loads – OR OOM killer got invoked and killed MySQL server due to high Memory usage… OR with a question like: “I don’t know why mysql is taking so much memory. How do I find where exactly memory is allocated? please help!”

There are many ways to check memory consumption of MySQL. So, I’m just trying here to explain it by combining all details that I know of in this post.

• Check memory related Global/Session variables.

If you are using …

The other day I was working on an issue where one of the slaves was showing unexpected lag. Interestingly with only the IO thread running the slave was doing significantly more IO as compared to the rate at which the IO thread was fetching the binary log events from the master.

I found this out by polling the SLAVE STATUS and monitoring the value of Read_Master_Log_Pos as it changed over time. Then compared it to the actual IO being done by the server using the pt-diskstats tool from the excellent Percona Toolkit. Note that, when doing this analysis, I had already stopped the slave SQL thread and made sure that there were no dirty InnoDB pages, otherwise my analysis would have …

Sometimes there is a need for keeping large amounts of old, rarely used data without investing too much on expensive storage. Very often such data doesn’t need to be updated anymore, or the intent is to leave it untouched. I sometimes wonder what I should really suggest to our Support customers.

For this purpose, the archive storage engine, added in MySQL 4.1.3, seems perfect as it provides excellent compression and the only DML statement it does allow is INSERT. However, does it really work as you would expect?

First of all, it has some serious limitations. Apart from lack of support for DELETE, REPLACE and UPDATE statements (which may be acceptable for some needs), another one is that it does not allow you to have indexes, although you can have an auto_increment column being either a unique or non-unique index. So usually …